電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)中用途(tu)廣泛(fan),是電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)中重要的工作(zuo)(zuo)元件。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)主要的兩(liang)種形(xing)式為(wei)(wei)并(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)和(he)耦(ou)合電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。并(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)裝置作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)一種極為(wei)(wei)重要的無功電(dian)(dian)源,對(dui)于改善電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)結構,提高電(dian)(dian)能質量起著決(jue)定(ding)性的作(zuo)(zuo)用。耦(ou)合電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)主要承擔(dan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)濾波、載波和(he)高頻保護(hu)任務。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)在(zai)運(yun)行中除長時(shi)間承受(shou)工作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)壓外,還受(shou)到各種內(nei)外過電(dian)(dian)壓作(zuo)(zuo)用而(er)(er)逐漸老化。運(yun)行條件下電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)與輸電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)直接(jie)聯(lian)接(jie),采用常規檢測方(fang)法(fa)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)進行檢測時(shi),須(xu)使整個輸電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)停(ting)止(zhi)運(yun)行才能進行,影響了生產。而(er)(er)且每年都曾(ceng)因停(ting)電(dian)(dian)困難(nan)造成電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)預防性漏試,這對(dui)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的運(yun)行也留下隱患。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)在(zai)(zai)線事(shi)故(gu)統計表明,局部放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)普遍事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)初征兆,繼而發展成部分元(yuan)件的(de)(de)擊穿短路故(gu)障(zhang)。目前在(zai)(zai)線對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)檢(jian)測,通常是在(zai)(zai)線檢(jian)測在(zai)(zai)運行高(gao)壓下流(liu)過這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)試品(pin)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)I、C和tgσ,來判斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)是否故(gu)障(zhang)。而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)量的(de)(de)變化和介質損耗角的(de)(de)變化是放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)積累到一定程度以后,產生的(de)(de)一個滯后的(de)(de)結果。采用直接對(dui)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象的(de)(de)監(jian)測,能夠(gou)更早,更及時地(di)發現和防范事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)發生。因此對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)局部放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象進行監(jian)測是防 止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)(de)有效途徑。
電(dian)力電(dian)容器是一(yi)種靜止(zhi)的無(wu)功(gong)補(bu)償(chang)設(she)備。它的主要作用是向(xiang)電(dian)力系統提供無(wu)功(gong)功(gong)率(lv),提高(gao)功(gong)率(lv)因數。采用就地(di)無(wu)功(gong)補(bu)償(chang),可(ke)以減少輸(shu)電(dian)線路(lu)輸(shu)送電(dian)流,起到(dao)減少線路(lu)能(neng)量損耗和壓降,改善電(dian)能(neng)質量和提高(gao)設(she)備利用率(lv)的重要作用。
在接觸自(zi)電(dian)網(wang)斷(duan)開(kai)的(de)(de)電(dian)容器的(de)(de)導電(dian)部分前(qian),即使(shi)電(dian)容器已經自(zi)動放電(dian),還須(xu)用絕(jue)緣的(de)(de)接地金屬桿,短接電(dian)容器的(de)(de)出線端,進(jin)行單(dan)獨放電(dian)。
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